China and Spain: more than 50 years of diplomatic relations

March 9, 1973 marked an important date for Spanish royal diplomacy, the beginning of diplomatic relations between Spain and the People's Republic of China.

Bilateral diplomacy between the two countries has been characterized by principles of mutual respect and non-interference. Among the most important events in this bilateral relationship is the signing of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2005 and renewed in 2025, whose key themes focused on the defense of an inclusive global system governed by international law; they are considered priority allies in their respective regions, as well as providing stability and diplomatic resilience to bilateral diplomacy between the two states.

It is important to note that this Comprehensive Strategic Partnership establishes a high-level cooperation framework, which includes a 2025-2028 Action Plan as well as high-level dialogues.

The State Visit of the Head of State of Spain to China in November 2025 coincided with the 20th anniversary of the strategic partnership, establishing a new chapter in this relationship.

During their visit, both countries reaffirmed their commitment to deeper and more resilient cooperation. Among the topics addressed are the promotion of the Spanish language in China, the strengthening of political dialogue, collaboration in renewable energies, as well as the defense of a rules-based international order. Agreements were signed in different areas such as educational, cultural and scientific.

From a diplomatic perspective, this visit reflects the strategic consolidation of bilateral relations between Spain and China, projecting a willingness between the two nations to strengthen political, economic and cultural dialogue in a complex international context.